Volume 8, Issue 2 (May 2024)

The Security and Growth for all in the Region (SAGAR) is a pole star for India to
drive its Indo-Pacific approach. Prime Minister Modi pronounced it for the Indian
Ocean Region (IOR) in 2015. Then it was extended to the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR)
at the 17th Asia Security Summit – Shangri-La Dialogue (SLD) 2018. This article
maps out how the SAGAR Vision evolved, what has been implementing strategies
and challenges to explore its key objectives, scale and institutional frameworks. In
doing so, this article surveys a range of declassified official records, speeches of key
leaders and leading commentaries. The article argues that the SAGAR initiative
rejuvenates India’s historical ignorance of the maritime domain and provides vision
to its ‘sea blindness’. It encapsulates a range of promising areas for necessary regional
maritime cooperation. Given India’s geopolitical positioning and shifting pivot of
global politics, the SAGAR vision and stated goals of the associate projects are a blend
of India’s domestic needs, regional commitments, and global aspirations. However,
to grasp all envisioned objectives of the SAGAR, it needs dedicated resource flow,
associated domestic reforms and an enhanced level of coordination between various
governmental agencies.

Understanding the emotional or mental stress and physical changes that women
endure in war literature gives insight into the special issues they confront in conflict
settings. This viewpoint illuminates the often-overlooked experiences of women
who are directly or indirectly affected by warfare. War literature or trauma studies
frequently investigate the complex relationship between mental and physical health.
Physiological changes show how emotional discomfort may have physical consequences
and vice versa. This emphasizes the significance of holistic approaches to healing and
rehabilitation as it is vital to understand the mental well-being of a women. The
article provides insight into the mental stress and physical changes endured by women
war victims with the aid of Cannon Bard’s theory of emotion.

The developmental deficit in Northeast India vis-à-vis the rest of India is an
uncontested fact acknowledged even by the Indian state. Hence, we see a concerted
attempt by the state to reduce this growth disparity via the current infrastructure
development drive. This paper makes the argument that the Act East Policy and
the MDoNER are two facets of the current developmental state. While MDoNER
focuses on fixing infrastructure links within the region, the Act East Policy provides
the region with a vision for the future, one which envisages the end of the geographical
isolation of the region by linking it with Southeast Asia. This paper examines the
historical impact of state developmentalism in Northeast India from colonial to
contemporary times. It argues that the Act East Policy of today, which is a part of the
neoliberal state developmentalism, possesses a genuine prospect of transforming the
region, despite facing some structural and technical impediments.

To achieve maximum security for both human and other national resources, the
management of defence has become a challenge in many nations. The growing
realization of the importance of optimizing the resources and maximizing the
productivity of armed forces is a major goal. This attempt has led to the creation
of a revolution in military affairs in many nations’ defence establishments. Since
the development cost of nations and increasing population and reducing resources
and global warming seem to be creating a short space of sharing resources the use of
Information Technology and information revolution are becoming the new frontiers
of defence and war-fighting techniques. The battle space is being reduced to the
wavelengths in cyber warfare rooms.
Such critical advances in technology will have a revolutionary impact on the
armed forces. These modern systems have enough capability to ensure that smaller
numbers have the ability to alter the course of the battles in war. This brings in the
new valuation system in place and is in turn helped by the Geographical Information
System, if strategic information about you and your transacting partner’s assets and
lacking are to be known. Since the nature of information is a humongous volume,
tracking it and deducing a particular nature of information makes GIS the ideal tool.
This is so because, other than merely storing data, one can simultaneously link and
provide results and assumptions for many kinds of location, cost, volume, and valuebased queries. We can define the element of GIS in warfare as an approach to armed conflict focusing on the use of management and location based information to achieve
decisive military advantage in the current form of integrated intelligent information
savvy battlefield. According to Sun Tzu, the General who wages war without having
to resolve to actual conflict is the superior tactician. This is envisaged in his writing
giving impetus to the importance of information. The relevance of application of new
technologies like GIS is also added as an attribute to the Military technical revolution
which is in fact a part of the larger Revolution in military affairs.

Conceptually, maritime security is understood as a buzzward or nebulous concept
in international relations which is still a matter of deliberation, description and
exploration in multidimensional aspects. The transforming nature and scope of
intercourses among the nations in various aspects have both deepen and broaden the
idea of maritime security vertically and horizontally. Thereby, the referent object of
maritime security has become one of the significant issues to be analysed and explored
in the present context, where multiple factors and actors are involved in ensuring and
preserving the maritime security through national as well as international efforts
while adopting comprehensive strategies to encounter the emerging challenges to the
same. Empirically, Gulf Maritime security has not been exception to the ongoing
effects of the globalisation in both aspects. As a significant reservoir of energy resources
and strategically located transportation routes through water bodies, Gulf has become
region of rivalry and competition among both regional and extra-regional actors.
The paper attempts to provide a comprehensive discourse on maritime security from
multidimensional aspects while putting the Gulf maritime security in the centre.

This paper examines Pakistan’s nuclear security challenges in the face of the Tehreek
-I-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) resurgence, political instability, and economic recession.
The proximity of nuclear facilities to extremist strongholds and their ability to
launch attacks pose significant risks. Political instability hampers decision-making
and coordination, while economic recession strains resources. Security gaps further
compound concerns. The paper recommends strengthening political stability,
countering extremist groups, allocating adequate resources, enhancing international
cooperation, improving insider threat mitigation, and promoting a robust security
culture. Implementing these measures will enhance Pakistan’s nuclear security and
mitigate the risks of nuclear terrorism. International support is crucial for regional
and global nuclear security.