For the last three decades, the Central Asian region has been stumbling upon recurrent turmoils. Issues that are afflicting the region stem from an unrelenting dispute over the democratic transition, disquiet over nation-building concerns, inexorable involvement of great powers, and quest for development through economic restructuring. The continuing pandemic and Russia’s Ukrain war intensify the never- ending quandary of the region. Almost all states of the region face similar issues to a varying degree, but the recent mass unrest in Kazakhstan is pointing towards the ensuing dynamics of mixing the internal and external factors. Kazakhstan’s sudden descent into chaos is bound to leave a definite impact on its political system hitherto balanced by the bipolar power centre and the fast-changing regional security scenarios following Russia’s Ukraine attack. Keywords: Kazakh-unrest, Ukraine War, Tokayev, Zhanaozen, CSTO, Colour revolution

Within the multidimensional nature of soccer talent, recently there has been an increasing interest in physiological characteristics. The purpose of the present study was to understand the differences between northeastern and southern senior elite women elite soccer players on blood lipid and haemoglobin constriction and provide better comprehension of the researchers’ methodological move. The sample consisted of Thirty (30) senior women soccer players from North East and South region volunteered to participate in this study. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18 to 30 years. After having been briefed about the objective and protocol to participate in this study, all subjects gave their consent and volunteered to participate in this study. Independent t-tests were used to test the between-group differences between Blood lipid and haemoglobin parameters. P values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results revealed blood lipid and haemoglobin the p value is less than 0.05. Thus, it is concluded that there is a significant difference in the blood lipid (‘t’-value -2.59)and haemoglobin (‘t’-value 3.19) between North East and Southern senior elite women elite soccer players. In conclusion, there is a developing acknowledgement of the requirement for more perplexing factual investigations to anticipate future predominant execution in light of proportions of current ability. New exploration tends to the need for enormous scope concentrates on that utilise multidisciplinary test batteries to survey youth competitors at various age bunches tentatively. Keywords: soccer, blood lipid, haemoglobin

Covid 19 has proved to be one of most fatal pandemics having a wide range of social, economic, political and security consequences. This paper at the outset, advocates for a comprehensive national security policy for India to address emerging traditional and non – traditional security threats. A state cannot ensure survival in the post-cold war world just by adopting the brute-statistical approach. Considering the emerging non- traditional security threats like climate change, energy insecurity, drug trafficking, pandemics, cyber insecurity, space war etc, a holistic security approach is the need of the hour. Covid also guides us as to how to combat pandemics, be it natural or man made, because impact and mitigation strategies would be almost similar. The paper argues that National Security Advisory Board (NSAB) should take up the task to re-visit its earlier draft National Security (NSS) Policy as the cost of not having a comprehensive NSS is very high.

The present paper examines the key strategic issues faced by India in the Indian Ocean in the light of growing Sino-Indian rivalry. The ongoing rivalry between India and China is no longer confined to only land borders, but, rather, it has extended to maritime areas of interest to both. Both sides as expected are competing in many areas, including the maritime dominance in the Indian Ocean. The 21st Century has witnessed a deep and wide strategic rivalry between India and China over the control of the strategically located Indian Ocean. The paper argues that the contest for regional influence in the Indian Ocean has resulted in a strategic competition between them that makes the Indian Ocean a contested space. The paper further argues that India, by virtue of its geo-strategic location, enjoys considerable strategic disadvantages in the Indian Ocean compared with China.

The article argues that tea as the first modern economic venture in Assam proved to be one of the main reasons behind the annihilation of the greater tropical rainforest of Upper Assam known today as the Joypur rainforest. Covering almost entirely the eastern portion of Assam, it constituted the backbone of an embedded economy of the local Assamese people. But as the rainforest came on the verge of near extinction, the foundation of that economy underwent an upheaval as the biodiversity gene pool deteriorated drastically. British tea venture in the region also emerged as one of the largest causes of alienation of land resulting subsequently in massive reduction in cultivation, rise of land scarcity, rise of the outside migrant traders, bonded native labourers etc . Thus, contrary to the usual perception of tea as a symbol of development, the article poses it as a reason for large scale transfer of native’s lands first to the British and then to the migrants from mainland India causing relentless tensions between the latter two groups both in pre and post independent eras. Moreover, the article also highlights the fact that British tea venture was the genesis of the current inter-state border clashes between Assam-Nagaland, Assam-Mizoramor and Assam-Arunachal. The inner-line system that the British innovated for peaceful tea plantations brought bloody strife to the region. Keywords : Colonialism, development, enclave, imperialism, modernity.

(Oxford University Press, USA, 2020) Pages 464 Pages, USD 29.95